Caregiver Intervention Database

Brief structured Cognitive Behaviorial Therapy (Akkerman)

Dementia

A brief (9 week) structured Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group (led by PI meeting for 2hrs, 4-8 cg/ group) consisting of didactic skills training to reduce anxiety, provided handouts and encouraged to practice skills.

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Cognitive-behavioral video-assisted modeling program (Chang)

Dementia

Cognitive-behavioral video-assisted modeling program targeting caregiving skills guided by stress & coping framework. 8-week intervention had two components: 1. videotapes demonstrating assisted modeling behavior (eating & dressing); 2. support program to reinforce video information and to explore coping strategies (via Nurseline phone calls)

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REACH trial with 2 intervention groups (Coon)

Dementia

This was a REACH trial with 2 intervention groups: 1)anger management and 2) depression management. Both were 2-hour workshop-format groups, for 8 weeks and then monthly booster for 2 months (10 sessions total, 8-10 cg/ class). Anger Intervention: Present cognitive-behavioral model and treatment rationale, discuss sources of caregiver frustration, and relaxation skills. Taught specific cognitive skills: positive self-talk, monitoring thoughts assoc. w frustration. Development of assertiveness skills

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Training in Communication skills for dementia caregivers (Done)

Dementia

Communication skills workshop was compared with an information booklet. Therapist-led intervention: 10 30-second videos each depicting a communication breakdown, facilitated group discussion; information booklet with similar content as videos without discussion.

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Taking Care of Myself group intervention (Ducharme)

Dementia

10-week (1.5 hr) group intervention entitled "taking care of myself", based on the stress

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Worksite based internet multimedia program (Beauchamp)

Dementia

Personalized worksite based interactive internet multimedia program for dementia caregivers; modules include Being a Caregiver, Coping with Emotions, Common Difficulties. The coping strategies emphasize problem-focused techniques and social support skills.

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Care Consultation telephone-based empowerment intervention (Bass)

Dementia

Based on a model of empowerment, the care consultant conducts structured initial assessment and works with families to help identify personal strengths. Provides tools to increase caregiver competence and self-efficacy and to help them make own decisions. Also provides information about community services and facilitates decisions about how to utilize services.

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REACH II Intervention (Schultz and colleagues)

Dementia

REACH II interventions included: provision of information, didactic instruction, role playing, problem solving, skills training, stress management, and telephone support groups. There were 12 1.5 hr. sessions over 6 months (9 in home and 3 phone sessions). There were resource notebooks with educational materials and telephones linked to computer-integrated system. Based on findings that active techniques are more effective at improving outcomes compared with more passive techniques.

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Skills training for spouses of patients with AD (Bourgeois)

Dementia

Two 12-week intervention groups (patient-focused skills training, caregiver-focused skills training) were compared with a control group. In Week 2, each caregiver attended 1 of 2 3-hr workshops: 1) Patient-Change Workshop, consisting of introductions, presentation of general behavioral principles as they relate to dementia symptoms, overview of in-home training sessions, and review of caregiver-completed Problem Behavior Tracking forms 2) Self-Change Workshop, consisting of introductions, presentation of three self-change strategies, overview of in-home training sessions, and review of completed Problem Behavior Tracking forms. In Weeks 3-12, trained staff visited caregiver for 1 hr at home to individualize skills training to caregivers' needs.

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Individualized plan of care based on Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold (PLST) model (Buckwalter)

Dementia

Individualized plan of care based on the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold (PLST) model (need environmental modifications because of declining cognitive/functional abilities; this reduces stress and promotes functional adaptive behavior); community-based psychoeducational intervention, combined with routine information and referrals. Approximately 3 to 4 hours of in-home intervention, and biweekly follow-up phone calls for 6 months.

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REACH I trial (Burgio)

Dementia

This was a REACH I trial with 2 intervention groups: 1)Minimal support condition (MSC) and 2) behavioral skills training (BST). The MSC received 10 phone contacts and 3 mailed packages of therapeutic material over a 12 month period. The phone contacts provided support composed of empathic statements and active listening. The STC received 10 hour-long, in home sessions over a 12 month period. STC consisted of: 1) basic therapeutic information, 2) instruction on behavior management techniques and assistance in setting-up individualized behavior programs fo problem behavior, 3) problem solving training to help the caregiver reach goals to ameliorate distress, 4) cognitive restructuring to encourage benign appraisals of stressors.

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Multidisciplinary collaborative care (Callahan)

Dementia

Multidisciplinary team (collaborative care, led by advanced practice nurse) working with family caregiver (for one year) used standard protocols to initiate treatment and identify, monitor, and treat behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, stressing nonpharmacological management. Intervention was based on consensus guidelines for the care of patients with Alzheimer disease.

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REACH family therapy trial (Eisdorfer)

Dementia

REACH family therapy trial focused on family interactions based on structural ecosystems therapy (SET), SET+ computer-telephone integrated system (CTIS), or minimal support control condition. The CTIS system was designed to augment the SET intervention by providing the caregiver with enhanced access to formal and informal resources. Intervention occurred over 12 months: weekly sessions for 4 mo., biweekly for 2 mo., and monthly for 6 mo. 60-90 min/ session. Approx 14 hrs/ caregiver. Most sessions in caregiver's home.

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REACH trial comparing interventions (Gallagher-Thompson)

Dementia

REACH trial compared 2 types of interventions: 1)Coping With Caregiving psychoeducational program (instruction and practice in groups to learn specific adaptive cognitive and behavioral skills); 2) Enhanced Support Group condition (guided discussion and empathic listening to develop reciprocal support within the group (based on typical community support groups and principles in Alz. Assoc. Manual). Groups met weekly (10 weeks), delivered by mental health professionals. All caregivers received same dementia-related educational materials.

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Community-based psychoeducational intervention (Garand)

Dementia

Community-based psychoeducational intervention designed to help manage patient behavioral problems based on PLST model (progressively lowered stress threshold) was compared with routine info and referrals. Approximately 3 to 4 hours of in-home intervention, and biweekly follow-up phone calls for 6 months.

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Learning to Feel Better (Hebert)

Dementia

Group caregiver support program for dementia caregivers that is based on stress and coping theories

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Memory Clinic Intervention (Logiudice)

Dementia

Intervention took place via existing memory clinic and consisted of advice, counseling, and patient neuropsychological testing, with feedback provided to family with appropriate services referrals made.

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Integrated telephone-linked care intervention (Mahoney)

Dementia

Integrated telephone-linked care intervention (based on stress process theory) with IVR computer network system offers multiple components with flexibility to appeal to variety of users reflecting diverse caregiver needs/ preferences. The following system modules were available to participants: Weekly Caregiver's Conversation, Personal Mailbox, Bulletin Board, Activity-Respite Conversation

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Family Visit Education Program (McCallion)

Dementia

Family Visit Education Program (FVEP) conducted on family members, nursing staff, and nursing home residents with dementia.

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Psychoeducation Group (McCurry)

Dementia

Psychoeducation group for 6 weeks: standard sleep hygiene, stimulus control, and sleep compression strategies; education about community resources, stress management, and techniques to reduce patient disruptive behaviors. Participants also kept sleep diary during period of intervention.

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NYU Caregiver Counseling and Support Intervention (Mittelman)

Dementia

1st component: 2 individual and 4 family counseling sessions (w/ relatives suggested by the caregiver, but without the patient). Content determined by needs of each cg (e.g., learning behavioral mgmt techniques, promoting communication among family members). Counselors also provided disease-specific education and community resources. 2nd component: weekly enhanced support group. 3rd component: ad hoc counseling over the course of the disease. (led by social workers/ allied health professionals). Also, long-term follow-up of cg (for two years after patient's death) and LT follow-up of intervention effects (for 5 years, will continue +)

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Multiple-component support intervention (Mohide)

Dementia

Multiple-component 6-month intervention for caregiver-focused health care, dementia and caregiving education (written materials), problem-solving assistance, regularly scheduled in-home respite (4 hrs/week), and self-help family caregiver support group (monthly 2-hr group)

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Home visiting intervention with Psychologist and OT (Nobili)

Dementia

One 1-hr home visit by psychologist to discuss family dynamics, caregiver stress and psychologic consequences, verbal

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Savvy Caregiver (Ostwald/Hepburn)

Dementia

Savvy Caregiver is intended to train families and others for the unfamiliar role they face as caregiver for a relative or friend with Alzheimer's disease or another dementia. Savvy Caregiver is a 12-hour training program that is usually delivered in 2-hour sessions over a 6-week period.

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Individualized plan of care based on Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold (PLST) model (Stolley)

Dementia

Individualized plan of care based on the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold (PLST) model (need envir. modifications b/c of declining cognitive/ functional abilities, reducing stress promotes functional adaptive behavior); Community-based psychoeducational intervention compared with routine info and referrals. Approximately 3 to 4 hours of in-home intervention, and biweekly follow-up phone calls for 6 months, compared with routine info and referrals - 4 year longitudinal study (see Buckwalter, 1999).

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STAR-C Intervention (Teri)

Dementia

STAR-Caregivers (STAR-C) is a standardized intervention to help family caregivers identify, reduce, and manage difficult behavioral symptoms of their relative with Alzheimer's disease. Behavioral symptoms are a major cause of family caregiver stress, burden, and depression. STAR-C decreases both the symptoms and the caregivers' related feelings of stress, burden, and depression.

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Geriatric Home Hospitalization Services (Tibaldi)

Dementia

Geriatric Home Hospitalization Services (GHHS)- medical care at home. Training in emergency procedures, provision of necessary supplies, and need-based services over time. Availability of professional services by phone 12 hrs/ day provided by multidisciplinary team.

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Coordinated system of care intervention (Vickery)

Dementia

Coordinated system of care intervention by care managers of patient-caregiver pairs using computerized information systems. Guideline-based provision of services. Care manager (social workers) coordinated with caregiver to generate menu of care actions.

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Psychoeducational group intervention for dementia caregivers (Perren)

Dementia

The caregiver 8-week psycho-educational group intervention aimed at: (a) imparting knowledge regarding symptoms of dementia and the course of disease; (b) strengthening of self-perception to improve self-care; (c) optimising the relationship dynamics between care recipient and caregiver; and (d) increasing social competence to enable caregivers to solicit social support and to use formal help such as respite care (taken from Wettstein et al., 2005, not published in English).

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Psychosocial Interventions for Family Caregivers of Individuals with Dementia - a REACH 1 Trial (Burgio)

Dementia

A REACH 1 trial with 2 intervention groups: 1) minimal support condition (MSC) and behaviorial skills training (BST).

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Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease (Teri)

Dementia

The RDAD intervention was a caregiver education program that combined exercise training with teaching caregivers how to manage dementia-related behavior problems in persons with Alzheimer's disease.

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Dementia Caregiver Education (Wettstein, Perren)

Dementia

Group education modules for dementia caregivers compared with those receiving a memory training manual.

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Coping with Caregiving (Gallagher-Thompson)

Dementia

A psycho-educational group intervention that teaches mood management skills through two key approaches: first, an emphasis on reducing negative affect by learning how to relax in the stressful situation, appraise the care-receiver's behavior more realistically, and communicate more assertively; and second, an emphasis on increasing positive mood through the acquisition of such skills as seeing the contingency between mood and activities, developing strategies to do more small, everyday pleasant activities, and learning to set self change goals and reward oneself for accomplishments along the way.

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